Breast Problems (Women)

There are several reasons for women's breasts to alter. These include hormone changes, ageing and pregnancy. Many lumps and bumps that appear are part of the normal changes which occur throughout life.

Breast Problems (Men)

Gynaecomastia is the excessive swelling of the glands in a man's breast and is usually the result of a hormone imbalance. This can happen at any age, but is less common in young adults.

Breast Pain (Mastalgia)

Breast pain can occur due to hormonal changes in the body and normally in line with the menstrual cycle. Most women are affected to some extent, particularly those approaching puberty, menopause or early pregnancy. Symptoms are normally at their worst prior to the menstrual period, improving towards the end, and may include a feeling of lumpiness. The breasts may appear denser and feel full and tender. Persistent pain occurring in one spot, however, may need urgent medical attention.

Breastfeeding (Recommendations)

Breastfeeding is widely thought to be the best start a baby can have in life as it provides protection to the underdeveloped immune system, but it does require care and attention. Mothers preparing to breastfeed should avoid strongly scented soaps, shampoos, oils and creams as they dry the skin of the breasts and nipples making feeding more difficult. Correct positioning of the baby at the breast needs to be checked to make sure that he/she has not slipped down. Most babies should be breastfed every 1-2 hours during the first few weeks as breast milk is easily digested.

Breast Engorgement (Mastitis)

Breast engorgement happens when the breasts become swollen and the blood vessels congested, making it harder for mothers to suckle their babies as their nipples become damaged and cracked. This introduces the danger of bacteria entering through the cracks and thriving in the warm milk-filled breasts, which eventually leads to mastitis.

Discharge from Nipples

Nipple discharge need not indicate a problem and occurs in most women at some point in their lives. Discharge only on squeezing the nipple or breast and which has a green/brown colour, is usually of no concern. A more serious problem might include a discharge which happens without squeezing and which has a bloody or watery appearance.

Breast Lumps

Many lumps and bumps that appear in a woman's breasts, are part of the normal changes that occur throughout life. However, it is important to know what is and is not normal, as this varies from person to person and regular monthly examinations are advisable. A doctor or nurse should be able to offer guidance on correct self-examination procedures. Common changes to the female breasts may include:

·         A feeling of lumpiness just before a menstrual period

·         A benign (non-cancerous) tumour of the glands

·         An abscess

·         Growths inside the ducts (intraductal papillomas),

·         Cysts and fatty tissue which causes a lump of hardened or thickened tissue to form.

Men may also experience excessive growth in their breasts, and any symptoms in a man should be checked by a doctor as soon as possible. A new thickening or lump in the breast or armpit that remains after a monthly period, or an obvious change in the feel or colour of the breast skin or nipple, should be treated with suspicion and you should seek a doctor's opinion.

Treatment for Breast Problems 

Medical opinion should be sought with regard to any persistent abnormal or unusual changes or if symptoms are combined with an increased temperature, pain or red streaks on the skin.

Dr. A. Bose © Allcures.com September 2011